This bill requires public elementary schools, public secondary schools, and institutions of higher education to treat discrimination motivated by antisemitism identically to how they treat discrimination motivated by race. This mandate applies as a condition for receiving federal funds and covers discrimination by students, employees, and institutional policies. The legislation defines antisemitism as a certain perception of Jews, which may be expressed as hatred, with rhetorical and physical manifestations directed towards Jewish individuals, property, or institutions. It provides several examples of antisemitic behavior, such as calling for harm to Jews, making dehumanizing allegations, accusing Jews of collective wrongdoing, denying the Holocaust, or demonizing Israel by applying double standards or denying its right to exist. However, the bill explicitly states that criticism of Israel that is similar to criticism of any other country does not constitute antisemitism. Furthermore, it includes a rule of construction ensuring that the act does not diminish First Amendment rights or preempt existing State antidiscrimination laws.