JAIL Act

United States119th CongressHR-5312House of Representatives
Updated: Sep 11, 2025

Summary

This legislation, known as the "JAIL Act," establishes a new pathway for civil actions against judges and government entities. It permits individuals to sue for damages if they are harmed by a "covered defendant" who was released on bail pending trial. A "covered defendant" is specifically defined as someone charged with a crime of violence who has a prior conviction for a crime of violence. The civil action can be brought by the harmed person or their immediate family if the person is deceased. A significant provision of this bill is the explicit removal of judicial immunity as a defense in such civil actions, allowing both Federal and State judges to be held liable.

Bill texts

Available versions
Introduced (House)View official text

1 version available

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Timeline

Latest companion bill action

S-3239: JAIL Act

Introduced in Senate

  1. Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.

    House of Representatives

  2. Introduced in House

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