This legislation mandates that the United States Postal Service (USPS) reimburse citizens for fees and penalties incurred due to the late payment of bills, provided the delay was caused by the USPS's late delivery of the bill, notice, or payment itself. Citizens seeking reimbursement must submit an application, which the USPS must make available online, by mail, and at post offices. An exception applies if the mail delay was due to unforeseen circumstances beyond USPS control, such as a major disaster, and citizens have the right to appeal USPS determinations to a Judicial Officer. Beyond reimbursement, the bill requires the USPS to submit annual reports to Congress detailing mail delivery delays, including average delivery and delay times for various mail classes. Furthermore, it directs the USPS Inspector General to conduct an assessment to determine if the USPS prioritizes certain types of mail, specifically mail delivered under agreements with senders, over other mail of the same class. The Inspector General must then report these findings to Congress within one year of the Act's enactment.