This bill establishes an Office of Public Engagement and Participation within the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) to enhance public involvement in the Commission's activities. The Office will be administered by a Director, appointed for a five-year term, who is responsible for its functions and staff. The Chairman of the NRC is required to ensure the Office's independence from other officers and employees within the Commission. The primary functions of this new Office include supporting public participation in NRC proceedings and advocating for the public interest within the Commission's jurisdiction. It will provide educational, legal, and technical guidance and assistance to members of the public on how to participate, including submitting comments and hearing requests. Additionally, the bill authorizes the NRC to compensate reasonable attorney's fees, expert witness fees, and other costs for public participants whose involvement substantially contributed to a position in significant proceedings, particularly when financial hardship exists. The Director will also submit annual reports to Congress detailing the Office's activities and common difficulties encountered by the public in participating.