This bill modifies the existing rural surface transportation grant program to prioritize funding for infrastructure in highly productive agricultural areas. It introduces new definitions for a "covered county" , characterized by an annual gross agricultural production value of at least $1 billion and agricultural production of at least $500,000 per square mile, and a "farm-to-market road" , which is a road within such a county. A significant provision of the bill is the reservation of 10 percent of the program's annual funds specifically for eligible projects located on these newly defined farm-to-market roads. This aims to enhance transportation infrastructure critical for agricultural commerce. Furthermore, the bill mandates the Secretary of Transportation, in consultation with the Secretary of Agriculture, to establish and regularly update a list of these eligible covered counties.