Supreme Court Tenure Establishment and Retirement Modernization Act of 2025

This legislation fundamentally alters the appointment and service duration for Supreme Court justices. It mandates that the President nominate one justice every two years, specifically during the first and third years following a Presidential election, ensuring a regular and staggered appointment schedule. Each newly appointed justice would serve a single 18-year term in active service, after which they would transition to retired status.

The bill also addresses the transition for currently serving justices, stipulating that they will be deemed retired from active service in order of their seniority as new justices are appointed under the new system. Furthermore, it establishes a mechanism for senior justices to temporarily fill vacancies if the number of active justices falls below the statutory requirement. In such cases, the Chief Justice would select a retired justice through a transparent, randomized process to serve until the active bench is fully restored.