The Therapeutic Fraud Prevention Act of 2025 aims to prohibit commercial sexual orientation conversion therapy across the United States. Congress finds that being lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or gender nonconforming is not a disorder, and there is no scientifically valid evidence that conversion therapy is effective or can change an individual's sexual orientation or gender identity. Furthermore, such practices are deemed substantially dangerous, contributing to depression, self-harm, and suicide, making it in the national interest to prevent fraud by those profiting from this harmful and ineffective therapy. The bill defines "conversion therapy" as any practice or treatment by a person that seeks to change another individual's sexual orientation or gender identity, including efforts to alter behaviors or expressions, or reduce same-gender attractions, when monetary compensation is received. However, it explicitly excludes practices that provide assistance for gender transition or offer acceptance, support, and identity exploration without seeking to change sexual orientation or gender identity. Unlawful conduct includes providing conversion therapy, advertising claims of changing identity or being harmless, or knowingly assisting in its provision for compensation. Enforcement of these prohibitions is primarily vested in the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) , which will treat violations as unfair or deceptive acts or practices. The Attorney General is also authorized to bring civil actions against violators. Additionally, state attorneys general may initiate civil actions on behalf of their residents, provided they notify the FTC, which retains the right to intervene in such cases. This multi-layered enforcement mechanism aims to protect individuals from fraudulent and harmful commercial conversion therapy practices.