This bill directs the Government Accountability Office (GAO) to undertake a comprehensive study within 18 months of its enactment. The study's primary objective is to evaluate the effects of specific anticompetitive contract clauses , such as anti-steering, anti-tiering, all-or-nothing, and gag clauses, found in agreements between health insurers and healthcare providers. This evaluation will focus on their impact on healthcare industry consolidation, consumer prices for medical services, and overall consumer access to care. Furthermore, the GAO study must compile a list of all actions taken by the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) and the Department of Justice (DOJ) concerning these clauses. It will also assess the resources and capabilities of the FTC and DOJ to effectively enforce federal antitrust laws against the use of such clauses. Finally, the bill requires the GAO to provide recommendations for potential legislative or administrative actions to strengthen antitrust enforcement in this critical sector, with the report being submitted to relevant congressional committees.