This legislation, known as the Conservation for Agricultural Leased Land Act or the CALL Act, requires the Secretary of Agriculture to conduct a comprehensive study on the adoption of conservation practices and participation in conservation programs on leased agricultural land. This study, to be carried out in collaboration with the Economic Research Service, aims to understand the specific challenges faced by farmers and landowners given that a significant portion of U.S. agricultural land is leased. The study's scope is extensive, including a review of existing research, an examination of various leasing structures, and an analysis of federal, state, and local incentives for conservation. It will also investigate the effects of competition in cash rents, the fate of ongoing conservation practices when tenants change, and how the Department of Agriculture communicates with non-owning operators and leasing landowners. Particular consideration will be given to farmers and ranchers who are people of color, including Black and indigenous individuals, and beginning farmers and ranchers. By December 31, 2026, the Secretary must submit a report to Congress detailing the study's results and providing recommendations. These recommendations will address barriers unique to various agricultural land leasing relationships, covering solutions implementable under existing authorities, those requiring new congressional authorization, and strategies for outreach. The Secretary may also partner with non-federal entities, such as nonprofits or universities, to execute this study.