This bill, titled the "Protection of Women in Olympic and Amateur Sports Act," seeks to modify eligibility requirements for amateur sports governing organizations by establishing specific definitions for biological sex. It amends federal law to define "female" as an individual with a reproductive system that produces, transports, and utilizes eggs for fertilization, and "male" as an individual with a reproductive system that produces, transports, and utilizes sperm for fertilization, accounting for developmental or genetic anomalies. The legislation further clarifies that "sex" refers to an individual's biological sex, either male or female. A key provision of the bill mandates that amateur sports organizations must prohibit any person whose sex is male from participating in amateur athletic competitions designated for females, women, or girls. This aims to ensure that athletic competitions designated for females are exclusively for individuals defined as biological females.