The bill mandates the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Communications and Information to conduct an annual, voluntary survey of all U.S. data centers, requesting information on their energy and water consumption from the preceding year. It also requires providing an opportunity for individuals and entities, including public utility boards and public interest organizations, to submit comments related to the survey. This initiative aims to gather crucial data on the resource footprint of these facilities. Following each survey, the Assistant Secretary must publish the results on the National Telecommunications and Information Administration's website, presented through an interactive map of the United States, identifying data centers that did not provide complete information. Additionally, a report with recommendations for improving data center regulation, particularly focusing on transparency , must be submitted to Congress. The Assistant Secretary is also required to coordinate with federal agencies like the Environmental Protection Agency and the Department of Energy in carrying out these duties.