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Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.

USA119th CongressHJRES-28| House 
| Updated: 1/22/2025
Dusty Johnson

Dusty Johnson

Republican Representative

South Dakota

Cosponsors (103)
Sheri Biggs (Republican)Diana Harshbarger (Republican)David Schweikert (Republican)Barry Moore (Republican)Adrian Smith (Republican)Ryan K. Zinke (Republican)Elise M. Stefanik (Republican)Trent Kelly (Republican)Ashley Hinson (Republican)Brett Guthrie (Republican)Andy Harris (Republican)Gregory F. Murphy (Republican)Scott Franklin (Republican)Neal P. Dunn (Republican)Elijah Crane (Republican)Mark Alford (Republican)Thomas P. Tiffany (Republican)Mike Collins (Republican)Vince Fong (Republican)Mike Ezell (Republican)Glenn Thompson (Republican)Stephanie I. Bice (Republican)Claudia Tenney (Republican)Beth Van Duyne (Republican)Andrew Ogles (Republican)Derek Schmidt (Republican)Young Kim (Republican)William R. Timmons (Republican)Pete Sessions (Republican)David Rouzer (Republican)Andy Biggs (Republican)Brad Knott (Republican)John James (Republican)Earl L. "Buddy" Carter (Republican)Andrew R. Garbarino (Republican)Nathaniel Moran (Republican)Ken Calvert (Republican)Brian Jack (Republican)Thomas Massie (Republican)J. French Hill (Republican)Scott Perry (Republican)Rudy Yakym (Republican)Maria Elvira Salazar (Republican)Barry Loudermilk (Republican)Gus M. Bilirakis (Republican)Ronny Jackson (Republican)Don Bacon (Republican)Darrell Issa (Republican)Mike Flood (Republican)Jefferson Shreve (Republican)Joe Wilson (Republican)Richard Hudson (Republican)Kat Cammack (Republican)Brad Finstad (Republican)Glenn Grothman (Republican)Ron Estes (Republican)John R. Moolenaar (Republican)John H. Rutherford (Republican)Laurel M. Lee (Republican)Charles J. "Chuck" Fleischmann (Republican)Austin Scott (Republican)Scott Fitzgerald (Republican)Daniel Webster (Republican)Harriet M. Hageman (Republican)Byron Donalds (Republican)Pat Harrigan (Republican)Gary J. Palmer (Republican)Julia Letlow (Republican)Mark E. Amodei (Republican)Mary E. Miller (Republican)Abraham J. Hamadeh (Republican)Russell Fry (Republican)David G. Valadao (Republican)Michael R. Turner (Republican)Addison P. McDowell (Republican)John W. Rose (Republican)Dan Crenshaw (Republican)Bill Huizenga (Republican)Max L. Miller (Republican)Jay Obernolte (Republican)Randy Feenstra (Republican)Juan Ciscomani (Republican)Tom Barrett (Republican)Randy K. Sr. Weber (Republican)Monica De La Cruz (Republican)Chuck Edwards (Republican)Russ Fulcher (Republican)Mark Harris (Republican)Virginia Foxx (Republican)Michael Lawler (Republican)Ralph Norman (Republican)Nick LaLota (Republican)Erin Houchin (Republican)Harold Rogers (Republican)Tracey Mann (Republican)Michelle Fischbach (Republican)Robert B. Aderholt (Republican)Troy Balderson (Republican)Tim Moore (Republican)Michael Guest (Republican)Nicole Malliotakis (Republican)Craig A. Goldman (Republican)Vern Buchanan (Republican)

Judiciary Committee

  • Introduced
  • In Committee
  • On Floor
  • Passed Chamber
  • Enacted
This joint resolution introduces a proposed amendment to the United States Constitution, aiming to establish a fixed composition for the Supreme Court. The central provision of this amendment is to mandate that the Supreme Court shall consist of nine justices , thereby preventing future changes to its size by legislative action alone. For this amendment to become part of the Constitution, it must be approved by a two-thirds vote in both the House of Representatives and the Senate. Following congressional approval, it would then require ratification by the legislatures of three-fourths of the individual states within a seven-year period from its submission date. This measure seeks to enshrine the current number of Supreme Court justices into the Constitution, ensuring its stability.
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Timeline

Bill from Previous Congress

HJRES 116-95
Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.

Bill from Previous Congress

HJRES 116-53
Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court be composed of not more than nine justices.

Bill from Previous Congress

HJRES 116-52
Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.

Bill from Previous Congress

HJRES 117-40
Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.

Bill from Previous Congress

HJRES 117-39
Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court be composed of not more than nine justices.

Bill from Previous Congress

HJRES 117-11
Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.

Bill from Previous Congress

HJRES 118-81
Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court be composed of not more than nine justices.

Bill from Previous Congress

HJRES 118-8
Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.

Bill from Previous Congress

HJRES 118-1
Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.

Bill from Previous Congress

HJRES 117-43
Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.
Jan 22, 2025
Introduced in House
Jan 22, 2025
Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.
Feb 6, 2025

Latest Companion Bill Action

SJRES 119-16
Introduced in Senate
  • Bill from Previous Congress

    HJRES 116-95
    Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.


  • Bill from Previous Congress

    HJRES 116-53
    Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court be composed of not more than nine justices.


  • Bill from Previous Congress

    HJRES 116-52
    Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.


  • Bill from Previous Congress

    HJRES 117-40
    Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.


  • Bill from Previous Congress

    HJRES 117-39
    Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court be composed of not more than nine justices.


  • Bill from Previous Congress

    HJRES 117-11
    Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.


  • Bill from Previous Congress

    HJRES 118-81
    Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court be composed of not more than nine justices.


  • Bill from Previous Congress

    HJRES 118-8
    Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.


  • Bill from Previous Congress

    HJRES 118-1
    Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.


  • Bill from Previous Congress

    HJRES 117-43
    Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.


  • January 22, 2025
    Introduced in House


  • January 22, 2025
    Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.


  • February 6, 2025

    Latest Companion Bill Action

    SJRES 119-16
    Introduced in Senate

Law

Related Bills

  • SJRES 119-16: A joint resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.
Constitution and constitutional amendmentsJudgesSupreme Court

Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.

USA119th CongressHJRES-28| House 
| Updated: 1/22/2025
This joint resolution introduces a proposed amendment to the United States Constitution, aiming to establish a fixed composition for the Supreme Court. The central provision of this amendment is to mandate that the Supreme Court shall consist of nine justices , thereby preventing future changes to its size by legislative action alone. For this amendment to become part of the Constitution, it must be approved by a two-thirds vote in both the House of Representatives and the Senate. Following congressional approval, it would then require ratification by the legislatures of three-fourths of the individual states within a seven-year period from its submission date. This measure seeks to enshrine the current number of Supreme Court justices into the Constitution, ensuring its stability.
View Full Text

Suggested Questions

Get AI-generated questions to help you understand this bill better

Timeline

Bill from Previous Congress

HJRES 116-95
Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.

Bill from Previous Congress

HJRES 116-53
Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court be composed of not more than nine justices.

Bill from Previous Congress

HJRES 116-52
Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.

Bill from Previous Congress

HJRES 117-40
Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.

Bill from Previous Congress

HJRES 117-39
Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court be composed of not more than nine justices.

Bill from Previous Congress

HJRES 117-11
Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.

Bill from Previous Congress

HJRES 118-81
Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court be composed of not more than nine justices.

Bill from Previous Congress

HJRES 118-8
Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.

Bill from Previous Congress

HJRES 118-1
Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.

Bill from Previous Congress

HJRES 117-43
Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.
Jan 22, 2025
Introduced in House
Jan 22, 2025
Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.
Feb 6, 2025

Latest Companion Bill Action

SJRES 119-16
Introduced in Senate
  • Bill from Previous Congress

    HJRES 116-95
    Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.


  • Bill from Previous Congress

    HJRES 116-53
    Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court be composed of not more than nine justices.


  • Bill from Previous Congress

    HJRES 116-52
    Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.


  • Bill from Previous Congress

    HJRES 117-40
    Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.


  • Bill from Previous Congress

    HJRES 117-39
    Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court be composed of not more than nine justices.


  • Bill from Previous Congress

    HJRES 117-11
    Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.


  • Bill from Previous Congress

    HJRES 118-81
    Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court be composed of not more than nine justices.


  • Bill from Previous Congress

    HJRES 118-8
    Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.


  • Bill from Previous Congress

    HJRES 118-1
    Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.


  • Bill from Previous Congress

    HJRES 117-43
    Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.


  • January 22, 2025
    Introduced in House


  • January 22, 2025
    Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.


  • February 6, 2025

    Latest Companion Bill Action

    SJRES 119-16
    Introduced in Senate
Dusty Johnson

Dusty Johnson

Republican Representative

South Dakota

Cosponsors (103)
Sheri Biggs (Republican)Diana Harshbarger (Republican)David Schweikert (Republican)Barry Moore (Republican)Adrian Smith (Republican)Ryan K. Zinke (Republican)Elise M. Stefanik (Republican)Trent Kelly (Republican)Ashley Hinson (Republican)Brett Guthrie (Republican)Andy Harris (Republican)Gregory F. Murphy (Republican)Scott Franklin (Republican)Neal P. Dunn (Republican)Elijah Crane (Republican)Mark Alford (Republican)Thomas P. Tiffany (Republican)Mike Collins (Republican)Vince Fong (Republican)Mike Ezell (Republican)Glenn Thompson (Republican)Stephanie I. Bice (Republican)Claudia Tenney (Republican)Beth Van Duyne (Republican)Andrew Ogles (Republican)Derek Schmidt (Republican)Young Kim (Republican)William R. Timmons (Republican)Pete Sessions (Republican)David Rouzer (Republican)Andy Biggs (Republican)Brad Knott (Republican)John James (Republican)Earl L. "Buddy" Carter (Republican)Andrew R. Garbarino (Republican)Nathaniel Moran (Republican)Ken Calvert (Republican)Brian Jack (Republican)Thomas Massie (Republican)J. French Hill (Republican)Scott Perry (Republican)Rudy Yakym (Republican)Maria Elvira Salazar (Republican)Barry Loudermilk (Republican)Gus M. Bilirakis (Republican)Ronny Jackson (Republican)Don Bacon (Republican)Darrell Issa (Republican)Mike Flood (Republican)Jefferson Shreve (Republican)Joe Wilson (Republican)Richard Hudson (Republican)Kat Cammack (Republican)Brad Finstad (Republican)Glenn Grothman (Republican)Ron Estes (Republican)John R. Moolenaar (Republican)John H. Rutherford (Republican)Laurel M. Lee (Republican)Charles J. "Chuck" Fleischmann (Republican)Austin Scott (Republican)Scott Fitzgerald (Republican)Daniel Webster (Republican)Harriet M. Hageman (Republican)Byron Donalds (Republican)Pat Harrigan (Republican)Gary J. Palmer (Republican)Julia Letlow (Republican)Mark E. Amodei (Republican)Mary E. Miller (Republican)Abraham J. Hamadeh (Republican)Russell Fry (Republican)David G. Valadao (Republican)Michael R. Turner (Republican)Addison P. McDowell (Republican)John W. Rose (Republican)Dan Crenshaw (Republican)Bill Huizenga (Republican)Max L. Miller (Republican)Jay Obernolte (Republican)Randy Feenstra (Republican)Juan Ciscomani (Republican)Tom Barrett (Republican)Randy K. Sr. Weber (Republican)Monica De La Cruz (Republican)Chuck Edwards (Republican)Russ Fulcher (Republican)Mark Harris (Republican)Virginia Foxx (Republican)Michael Lawler (Republican)Ralph Norman (Republican)Nick LaLota (Republican)Erin Houchin (Republican)Harold Rogers (Republican)Tracey Mann (Republican)Michelle Fischbach (Republican)Robert B. Aderholt (Republican)Troy Balderson (Republican)Tim Moore (Republican)Michael Guest (Republican)Nicole Malliotakis (Republican)Craig A. Goldman (Republican)Vern Buchanan (Republican)

Judiciary Committee

Law

Related Bills

  • SJRES 119-16: A joint resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.
  • Introduced
  • In Committee
  • On Floor
  • Passed Chamber
  • Enacted
Constitution and constitutional amendmentsJudgesSupreme Court