Catching Up Family Caregivers Act of 2024 This bill allows qualified family caregivers to make catch-up contributions to a retirement account for up to five years. A qualified family caregiver is an unemployed or severely underemployed adult who provides 500 hours or more of in-home care, monitoring, management, supervision, or treatment of an adult with special needs or a child during one tax year and has less than 500 hours of paid employment during the same tax year.