Rural Telecommunications and Broadband Service Act of 2017 This bill amends the Communications Act of 1934 to establish within the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) a Rural Telecommunications and Broadband Advisory Committee to: provide advice to the FCC, and reports to Congress, on the deployment of advanced and next-generation telecommunications services in rural areas, the advancement of universal service principles for nationwide access to affordable and quality telecommunications and information services, and other policies relating to telecommunications in rural areas; define what constitutes a rural area that has access to telecommunications and information technologies and services in accordance with universal service principles; and advise on the impact of FCC agenda items on the provision of such services in rural areas.