Direct Hire of Students and Recent Graduates Act of 2017 This bill authorizes expedited hiring for positions in the competitive service. Federal agencies may appoint recent college graduates or college graduates who were recently discharged from the uniformed service to positions in the competitive service at the GS-11 level or below. Additionally, federal agencies may make time-limited appointments of college students to positions in the competitive service at the GS-11 level or below. The student may be converted from a time-limited appointment to a permanent appointment, without competition, if the student: (1) has completed the course of study leading to a baccalaureate or graduate degree, and (2) has completed not less than 640 hours of current continuous employment.