Highway Safety Education Improvement Act of 2017 This bill expands the definition of "highway safety improvement project" to include education, as part of an approved state strategic highway safety plan, subject to a specified funding limitation. The bill also modifies the highway safety improvement program high-risk rural road safety rule to require a state to obligate additional funds for projects on high-risk rural roads if the fatality rate on such roads does not decrease (currently, if it increases) during a two-year period. If the fatality rate does not decrease and exceeds the national fatality rate on rural roads, then, as under existing law, the state must obligate 200% of the amount it received for high-risk rural roads in FY2009.