Justice for ALS Veterans Act of 2018 This bill extends increased dependency and indemnity compensation paid to the surviving spouse of a veteran who dies from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS or Lou Gehrig's disease) regardless of how long the veteran had such disease prior to death. (Under current law, such compensation is paid for a service-connected disability that was rated totally disabling, which ALS is, for a continuous period of at least eight years immediately preceding death.)