To amend titles XVIII and XIX of the Social Security Act to ensure prompt coverage of breakthrough devices under the Medicare and Medicaid programs, and for other purposes.

Ensuring Patient Access to Critical Breakthrough Products Act of 2018 This bill (1) allows designated medical breakthrough devices to be temporarily covered under Medicare during a specified transitional period, (2) establishes a process to allow for continued coverage after the transitional period has expired, and (3) modifies other Medicare payment systems relating to new medical technology.