Domestic Maritime Centers of Excellence Act of 2017 This bill authorizes the Department of Transportation (DOT) to designate state-operated maritime training centers and community and technical colleges with a maritime training program that are located in the United States along the Gulf of Mexico, Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean, Artic Ocean, Bering Sea, Gulf of Alaska, or Great Lakes as centers of excellence for domestic maritime workforce training and education. DOT may provide technical assistance, surplus federal equipment and assets, and funding to such centers to support a maritime workforce program and assist such centers in expanding their capacity to train the U.S. maritime workforce.