To amend the Public Health Service Act to require reporting by the National Institutes of Health on requests for funding research that were not granted and had the greatest potential for improving public health, and for other purposes.

Missed Opportunities Act of 2017 This bill amends the Public Health Service Act to require the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to report the total number of research funding requests under review during each fiscal year and the number of requests granted, pending at the end of the year, and denied. Of the requests that remained pending or were denied, the NIH must identify the requests with the greatest potential for improving public health.