Medicaid Expansion Incentive Act of 2017 This bill amends title XIX (Medicaid) of the Social Security Act to provide additional federal Medicaid funding to states participating in Medicaid expansion under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. The amount of additional funding shall be based upon the net reduction in federal funding for nonparticipating states. The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services must publish annually, with respect to each nonparticipating state: (1) the amount of federal funding forgone by the state as a result of its nonparticipation, and (2) the number of individuals who would have gained coverage had the state participated.